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Autonomous Networks: Using AI to Advance Operations in SP and Enterprise Domains is a practical, forward-looking guide to the next generation of network operationswhere AI, automation, observability, and closed-loop control enable networks to operate with greater speed, scale, and resilience while reducing manual intervention.
As enterprise and service provider environments become increasingly complex, traditional reactive operations can no longer keep pace. This book explains how autonomous networking combines model-driven telemetry, distributed tracing, AIOps, automation frameworks, MLOps, and IT service management integration to create intelligent systems capable of sensing conditions, making decisions, and executing actions in real time.
Written for network engineers, architects, operations teams, and technology leaders, this vendor-agnostic guide provides a clear roadmap for evolving from basic automation initiatives to fully autonomous network operations. Readers will learn how to implement AI-driven operational models across both enterprise and service provider environments while addressing security, governance, compliance, and organizational transformation.
Through real-world case studies, architectural patterns, and industry-aligned frameworks, the authors demonstrate how narrow AI, generative AI, closed-loop automation, and predictive analytics can improve network reliability, operational efficiency, and service assurance at scale.
Whether you are modernizing existing infrastructure or building next-generation intelligent networks, this book delivers actionable strategies for designing, operating, and securing autonomous networking environments in an increasingly AI-driven world.
Introduction xxiii
Chapter 1 Network Autonomy 1
Introduction 1
State of Network Automation Today 2
Industry Frameworks and Trends 27
Challenges in Achieving Autonomy 39
People and Processes 45
System Integrations 53
Summary and Future Considerations 58
Chapter 2 Regulations Impact on Autonomous Networks 59
Introduction 59
Short History of Data Privacy 59
Overview of EU Digital Regulations 72
The State of AI Regulation in the Rest of the World 80
How Companies React to Existing AI and Data Regulation 88
Regulation Impact on Data and AI Projects and Mitigation Measures 96
Summary and Future Considerations 109
References 110
Chapter 3 Observability and Data Sources 115
Introduction 115
Network Data Sources 117
Model-Driven Telemetry 131
Observability and Tracing Principles 135
Audit Trails in Autonomous Networks 147
Collecting and Correlating Disparate Traces 150
Network Observability Architecture Patterns 154
Observability Use Cases 156
Summary and Future Considerations 165
References 165
Chapter 4 Conventional and Task-Specific AI/ML Models Usage for Autonomous Networks 167
Introduction 167
Short History of Artificial Intelligence 168
Machine Learning Overview 172
Semi-Supervised Learning 184
Unsupervised Learning 186
Reinforcement Learning 191
Deep Learning and Neural Networks 196
Model Evaluation, Validation, and Monitoring Metrics 206
Summary and Future Considerations 219
References 220
Chapter 5 Generative AI in the Context of Autonomous Networks 221
Introduction 221
Agentic Workflows 252
Federated Learning 264
Infrastructure for xLMs 268
Networking Use Cases 276
Summary and Future Considerations 279
References 280
Chapter 6 Automated Execution and Testing 281
Introduction 281
Industry Automation Frameworks and Standards 284
Automation Tools 287
Cisco Virtual Kubelet 314
Network Test Automation 315
Domain vs. Cross-Domain Automation Architecture 334
Network Automation Use Cases 337
Summary and Future Considerations 343
References 343
Chapter 7 Closed-Loop Command and Control 345
Introduction to Closed-Loop Systems 345
Evolution of Network Operations 351
Core Concepts of Closed-Loop Network Operations 360
Closed-Loop Operations Architectural Framework 371
High-Value Use Cases in Autonomous Network Operations 384
Challenges and Limitations in Implementing Closed-Loop Operations 395
Closed-Loop Future Evolution 397
Summary and Future Considerations 398
References 399
Chapter 8 Communication Service Provider Autonomous Network Vision 401
Background and Industry Context 401
End-to-End Autonomous Network Architecture 411
Typical Use-Case Deployment for Level 3+ 428
Typical Use Case Deployment for Level 4+ 435
Business Benefits 449
Summary and Future Considerations 455
References 455
Chapter 9 Enterprise Domain Vision 459
Introduction 459
The Function of Todays Networks 464
Usage Ratios for Artificial Intelligence Methods 466
Security Considerations 467
End-to-End Autonomous Network Evolution Roadmap 484
Alignment with Core Business Applications 489
Planning and Deployment 494
Integration with Existing Systems 495
Technical Challenges 499
Summary and Future Considerations 506
References 507
Chapter 10 Autonomous Network ConsiderationsOrganizational Change 509
Short History of Network Operations 509
Core Network Operation Concepts and Frameworks 516
Typical Network Operations Center Setup for CSP 540
Typical NOC Setup for an IT Enterprise 548
Organizational Culture Shift 553
Key Skills Required for AN-Based Operations 560
Summary and Future Considerations 572
References 573
TOC, 9780135473368, 7/13/26
