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Problem Solving in Chemical and Biochemical Engineering with POLYMATH, Excel, and MATLAB, 2nd Edition
- By Michael B. Cutlip, Mordechai Shacham
- Published Sep 12, 2007 by Pearson. Part of the International Series in the Physical and Chemical Engineering Sciences series.
Book
- Sorry, this book is no longer in print.
About
Features
- Clearly develops problem solutions using fundamental principles to create mathematical models
- New content of the book and the POLYMATH package will allow students to easily solve advanced problems within EXCEL or Matlab
- An excellent reference book to use throughout student's educational studies
- Companion website offers solutions manual, data files for selected problems, MATLAB templates and more. http://www.problemsolvingbook.com/
Description
- Copyright 2008
- Dimensions: 7" x 9-1/4"
- Pages: 752
- Edition: 2nd
- Book
- ISBN-10: 0-13-148204-1
- ISBN-13: 978-0-13-148204-3
Problem Solving in Chemical and Biochemical Engineering with POLYMATH™, Excel, and MATLAB®, Second Edition, is a valuable resource and companion that integrates the use of numerical problem solving in the three most widely used software packages: POLYMATH, Microsoft Excel, and MATLAB. Recently developed POLYMATH capabilities allow the automatic creation of Excel spreadsheets and the generation of MATLAB code for problem solutions. Students and professional engineers will appreciate the ease with which problems can be entered into POLYMATH and then solved independently in all three software packages, while taking full advantage of the unique capabilities within each package. The book includes more than 170 problems requiring numerical solutions.
This greatly expanded and revised second edition includes new chapters on getting started with and using Excel and MATLAB. It also places special emphasis on biochemical engineering with a major chapter on the subject and with the integration of biochemical problems throughout the book.
General Topics and Subject Areas, Organized by Chapter
- Introduction to Problem Solving with Mathematical Software Packages
- Basic Principles and Calculations
- Regression and Correlation of Data
- Introduction to Problem Solving with Excel
- Introduction to Problem Solving with MATLAB
- Advanced Problem-Solving Techniques
- Thermodynamics
- Fluid Mechanics
- Heat Transfer
- Mass Transfer
- Chemical Reaction Engineering
- Phase Equilibrium and Distillation
- Process Dynamics and Control
- Biochemical Engineering
Practical Aspects of Problem-Solving Capabilities
- Simultaneous Linear Equations
- Simultaneous Nonlinear Equations
- Linear, Multiple Linear, and Nonlinear Regressions with Statistical Analyses
- Partial Differential Equations (Using the Numerical Method of Lines)
- Curve Fitting by Polynomials with Statistical Analysis
- Simultaneous Ordinary Differential Equations (Including Problems Involving Stiff Systems, Differential-Algebraic Equations, and Parameter Estimation in Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations)
The Book's Web Site (http://www.problemsolvingbook.com)
- Provides solved and partially solved problem files for all three software packages, plus additional materials
- Describes discounted purchase options for educational version of POLYMATH available to book purchasers
- Includes detailed, selected problem solutions in Maple™, Mathcad®, and Mathematica™
Sample Content
Table of Contents
Prefacexv
Chapter 1 Problem Solving with Mathematical Software Packages 1
1.1 Efficient Problem Solving--The Objective of This Book 1
1.2 From Manual Problem Solving to Use of Mathematical Software 2
1.3 Categorizing Problems According to the Solution Technique Used 5
1.4 Effective Use of This Book 10
1.5 Software Usage with This Book 12
1.6 Web-Based Resources for This Book 13
Chapter 2 Basic Principles and Calculations15
2.1 Molar Volume and Compressibility Factor from Van Der Waals Equation 15
2.2 Molar Volume and Compressibility Factor from Redlich-Kwong Equation 19
2.3 Stoichiometric Calculations for Biological Reactions 20
2.4 Steady-State Material Balances on A Separation Train 23
2.5 Fitting Polynomials and Correlation Equations to Vapor Pressure Data 25
2.6 Vapor Pressure Correlations for Sulfur Compounds in Petroleum 33
2.7 Mean Heat Capacity of N-Propane 34
2.8 Vapor Pressure Correlation by Clapeyron and Antoine Equations 36
2.9 Gas Volume Calculations Using Various Equations of State 38
2.10 Bubble Point Calculation for an Ideal Binary Mixture 41
2.11 Dew Point Calculation for an Ideal Binary Mixture 44
2.12 Bubble Point and Dew Point for an Ideal Multicomponent Mixture 45
2.13 Adiabatic Flame Temperature in Combustion 46
2.14 Unsteady-State Mixing in a Tank 49
2.15 Unsteady-State Mixing in a Series of Tanks 52
2.16 Heat Exchange in a Series of Tanks 53
References 56
Chapter 3 Regression and Correlation of Data57
3.1 Estimation of Antoine Equation Parameters Using Nonlinear Regression 57
3.2 Antoine Equation Parameters for Various Hydrocarbons 61
3.3 Correlation of Thermodynamic and Physical Properties of N-Propane 62
3.4 Temperature Dependency of Selected Properties 72
3.5 Heat Transfer Correlations from Dimensional Analysis 73
3.6 Heat Transfer Correlation of Liquids in Tubes 79
3.7 Heat Transfer in Fluidized Bed Reactor 80
3.8 Correlation of Binary Activity Coefficients Using Margules Equations 81
3.9 Margules Equations for Binary Systems Containing Trichloroethane 86
3.10 Rate Data Analysis for A Catalytic Reforming Reaction 87
3.11 Regression of Rate Data-Checking Dependency Among Variables 89
3.12 Regression of Heterogeneous Catalytic Rate Data 93
3.13 Variation of Reaction Rate Constant with Temperature 94
3.14 Calculation of Antoine Equation Parameters Using Linear Regression 95
References 100
Chapter 4 Problem Solving with Excel 101
4.1 Molar Volume And Compressibility From Redlich-Kwong Equation 101
4.2 Calculation Of The Flow Rate In A Pipeline 110
4.3 Adiabatic Operation Of A Tubular Reactor For Cracking Of Acetone 119
4.4 Correlation Of The Physical Properties Of Ethane 128
4.5 Complex Chemical Equilibrium By Gibbs Energy Minimization 144
References 152
Chapter 5 Problem Solving with MATLAB 153
5.1 Molar Volume and Compressibility from Redlich-Kwong Equation 153
5.2 Calculation of the Flow Rate in a Pipeline 165
5.3 Adiabatic Operation of a Tubular Reactor for Cracking of Acetone 173
5.4 Correlation of the Physical Properties of Ethane 182
5.5 Complex Chemical Equilibrium by Gibbs Energy Minimization 195
Reference 202
Chapter 6 Advanced Techniques in Problem Solving 203
6.1 Solution of Stiff Ordinary Differential Equations 203
6.2 Stiff Ordinary Differential Equations in Chemical Kinetics 206
6.3 Multiple Steady States in a System of Ordinary Differential Equations 207
6.4 Iterative Solution of Ode Boundary Value Problem 209
6.5 Shooting Method for Solving Two-Point Boundary Value Problems 218
6.6 Expediting the Solution of Systems of Nonlinear Algebraic Equations 223
6.7 Solving Differential Algebraic Equations--DAEs 226
6.8 Method of Lines for Partial Differential Equations 229
6.9 Estimating Model Parameters Involving Odes Using Fermentation Data 235
References 242
Chapter 7 Thermodynamics 243
7.1 Compressibility Factor Variation from Van Der Waals Equation 243
7.2 Compressibility Factor Variation from Various Equations of State 248
7.3 Isothermal Compression of Gas Using Redlich-Kwong Equation of State 251
7.4 Thermodynamic Properties of Steam from Redlich-Kwong Equation 255
7.5 Enthalpy and Entropy Departure Using the Redlich-Kwong Equation 258
7.6 Fugacity Coefficients of Pure Fluids from Various Equations of State 263
7.7 Fugacity Coefficients for Ammonia--Experimental and Predicted 265
7.8 Flash Evaporation of an Ideal Multicomponent Mixture 267
7.9 Flash Evaporation of Various Hydrocarbon Mixtures 271
7.10 Correlation of Activity Coefficients with the Van Laar Equations 272
7.11 Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Data from Total Pressure Measurements I 274
7.12 Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Data from Total Pressure Measurements II 279
7.13 Complex Chemical Equilibrium 280
7.14 Reaction Equilibrium at Constant Pressure or Constant Volume 281
References 282
Chapter 8 Fluid Mechanics283
8.1 Laminar Flow of a Newtonian Fluid in a Horizontal Pipe 283
8.2 Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Horizontal Pipe 289
8.3 Vertical Laminar Flow of a Liquid Film291
8.4 Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Horizontal Annulus 294
8.5 Temperature Dependency of Density and Viscosity of Various Liquids 297
8.6 Terminal Velocity of Falling Particles 299
8.7 Comparison of Friction Factor Correlations for Turbulent Pipe Flow 301
8.8 Calculations Involving Friction Factors for Flow in Pipes 303
8.9 Average Velocity in Turbulent Smooth Pipe Flow from Maximum Velocity 306
8.10 Calculation of the Flow Rate in a Pipeline 307
8.11 Flow Distribution in a Pipeline Network 309
8.12 Water Distribution Network 313
8.13 Pipe and Pump Network 315
8.14 Optimal Pipe Length for Draining a Cylindrical Tank in Turbulent Flow 317
8.15 Optimal Pipe Length for Draining a Cylindrical Tank in Laminar Flow 320
8.16 Baseball Trajectories as a Function of Elevation 322
8.17 Velocity Profiles for a Wall Suddenly Set in Motion--Laminar Flow 325
8.18 Boundary Layer Flow of a Newtonian Fluid on a Flat Plate 328
References 332
Chapter 9 Heat Transfer 333
9.1 One-Dimensional Heat Transfer Through a Multilayered Wall 333
9.2 Heat Conduction in a Wire With Electrical Heat Source and Insulation 338
9.3 Radial Heat Transfer by Conduction with Convection at Boundaries 344
9.4 Energy Loss from an Insulated Pipe 346
9.5 Heat Loss Through Pipe Flanges 347
9.6 Heat Transfer from a Horizontal Cylinder Attached to a Heated Wall 352
9.7 Heat Transfer from a Triangular Fin355
9.8 Single-Pass Heat Exchanger with Convective Heat Transfer on Tube Side 357
9.9 Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger361
9.10 Heat Losses from an Uninsulated Tank Due to Convection 365
9.11 Unsteady-State Radiation to a Thin Plate 368
9.12 Unsteady-State Conduction within a Semi-Infinite Slab 370
9.13 Cooling of a Solid Sphere in a Finite Water Bath 373
9.14 Unsteady-State Conduction in Two Dimensions 378
References 382
Chapter 10 Mass Transfer 383
10.1 One-Dimensional Binary Mass Transfer in a Stefan Tube 383
10.2 Mass Transfer in a Packed Bed with Known Mass Transfer Coefficient 389
10.3 Slow Sublimation of a Solid Sphere 391
10.4 Controlled Drug Delivery by Dissolution of Pill Coating 396
10.5 Diffusion with Simultaneous Reaction in Isothermal Catalyst Particles 400
10.6 General Effectiveness Factor Calculations for First-Order Reactions 404
10.7 Simultaneous Diffusion and Reversible Reaction in a Catalytic Layer 406
10.8 Simultaneous Multicomponent Diffusion of Gases 413
10.9 Multicomponent Diffusion of Acetone and Methanol in Air 418
10.10 Multicomponent Diffusion in a Porous Layer Covering a Catalyst 419
10.11 Second-Order Reaction with Diffusion in Liquid Film 421
10.12 Simultaneous Heat and Mass Transfer in Catalyst Particles 423
10.13 Unsteady-State Mass Transfer in a Slab 428
10.14 Unsteady-State Diffusion and Reaction in a Semi-Infinite Slab 434
10.15 Diffusion and Reaction in a Falling Laminar Liquid Film 438
References 444
Chapter 11 Chemical Reaction Engineering 445
11.1 Plug-Flow Reactor with Volume Change during Reaction 445
11.2 Variation of Conversion with Reaction Order in a Plug-Flow Reactor 450
11.3 Gas Phase Reaction in a Packed Bed Reactor with Pressure Drop 453
11.4 Catalytic Reactor with Membrane Separation 455
11.5 Semibatch Reactor with Reversible Liquid Phase Reaction 458
11.6 Operation of Three Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors in Series 462
11.7 Differential Method of Rate Data Analysis in a Batch Reactor 465
11.8 Integral Method of Rate Data Analysis in a Batch Reactor 467
11.9 Integral Method of Rate Data Analysis--Bimolecular Reaction 468
11.10 Initial Rate Method of Data Analysis 470
11.11 Half-Life Method for Rate Data Analysis 471
11.12 Method Of Excess for Rate Data Analysis in a Batch Reactor 474
11.13 Rate Data Analysis for a CSTR476
11.14 Differential Rate Data Analysis for a Plug-Flow Reactor 477
11.15 Integral Rate Data Analysis for a Plug-Flow Reactor 479
11.16 Determination of Rate Expressions for a Catalytic Reaction 481
11.17 Packed Bed Reactor Design for a Gas Phase Catalytic Reaction 485
11.18 Catalyst Decay in a Packed Bed Reactor Modeled by a Series Of CSTRs 488
11.19 Design for Catalyst Deactivation in a Straight-Through Reactor 491
11.20 Enzymatic Reactions in a Batch Reactor496
11.21 Isothermal Batch Reactor Design for Multiple Reactions 498
11.22 Material and Energy Balances on a Batch Reactor 502
11.23 Operation of a Cooled Exothermic CSTR504
11.24 Exothermic Reversible Gas Phase Reaction in a Packed Bed Reactor 509
11.25 Temperature Effects with Exothermic Reactions 512
11.26 Diffusion with Multiple Reactions in Porous Catalyst Particles 514
11.27 Nitrification Of Biomass in a Fluidized Bed Reactor 516
11.28 Sterilization Kinetics and Extinction Probabilities in Batch Fermenters 519
References 521
Chapter 12 Phase Equilibria and Distillation523
12.1 Three Stage Flash Evaporator for Recovering Hexane from Octane 523
12.2 Non-Ideal Vapor-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium 527
12.3 Calculation of Wilson Equation Coefficients from Azeotropic Data 535
12.4 Van Laar Equations Coefficients from Azeotropic Data 541
12.5 Non-Ideal Vle from Azeotropic Data Using the Van Laar Equations 542
12.6 Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland Correlations for Separation Towers 544
12.7 Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland Correlations in Depropanizer Design 550
12.8 Rigorous Distillation Calculations for a Simple Separation Tower 551
12.9 Rigorous Distillation Calculations for Hexane-Octane Separation Tower 558
12.10 Batch Distillation of a Water-Ethanol Mixture 559
12.11 Dynamics Of Batch Distillation of Fermenter Broth 563
References 564
Chapter 13 Process Dynamics and Control 565
13.1 Modeling the Dynamics of First- and Second-Order Systems 565
13.2 Dynamics of a U-Tube Manometer 572
13.3 Dynamics and Stability of an Exothermic CSTR 574
13.4 Fitting a First-Order Plus Dead-Time Model to Process Data 576
13.5 Dynamics and Control of a Flow-Through Storage Tank 580
13.6 Dynamics and Control of a Stirred Tank Heater 586
13.7 Controller Tuning Using Internal Model Control (IMC) Correlations 593
13.8 First Order Plus Dead Time Models for Stirred Tank Heater 596
13.9 Closed-Loop Controller Tuning-The Ziegler-Nichols Method 597
13.10 Pi Controller Tuning Using the Auto Tune Variation "ATV" Method 600
13.11 Reset Windup in a Stirred Tank Heater 603
13.12 Temperature Control and Startup of a Nonisothermal CSTR 604
13.13 Level Control of Two Interactive Tanks 605
13.14 Pi Control of Fermenter Temperature 609
13.15 Insulin Delivery to Diabetics Using Pi Control 612
References 615
Chapter 14 Biochemical Engineering 617
14.1 Elementary Step and Approximate Models for Enzyme Kinetics 617
14.2 Determination and Modeling Inhibition for Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions 622
14.3 Bioreactor Design with Enzyme Catalysts--Temperature Effects 626
14.4 Optimization of Temperature in Batch and CSTR Enzymatic Reactors 628
14.5 Diffusion with Reaction in Spherical Immobilized Enzyme Particles 630
14.6 Multiple Steady States in a Chemostat with Inhibited Microbial Growth 635
14.7 Fitting Parameters in the Monod Equation for a Batch Culture 638
14.8 Modeling and Analysis of Kinetics in a Chemostat 640
14.9 Dynamic Modeling of a Chemostat 643
14.10 Predator-Prey Dynamics of Mixed Cultures in a Chemostat 647
14.11 Biokinetic Modeling Incorporating Imperfect Mixing in a Chemostat 650
14.12 Dynamic Modeling of a Chemostat System with Two Stages 652
14.13 Semicontinuous Fed-Batch and Cyclic-Fed Batch Operation 655
14.14 Optimization of Ethanol Production in a Batch Fermenter 658
14.15 Ethanol Production in a Well-Mixed Fermenter with Cell Recycle 660
14.16 Dynamic Modeling of an Anaerobic Digester 663
14.17 Start-Up and Control of an Anaerobic Digester 668
References 672