Home > Store

Health and Environmental Risk Analysis: Fundamentals with Applications

Register your product to gain access to bonus material or receive a coupon.

Health and Environmental Risk Analysis: Fundamentals with Applications

Book

  • Sorry, this book is no longer in print.
Not for Sale

About

Features

  • Covers all fundamental concepts of risk analysis. Pg.___
  • Unifies risk analysis concepts with Process Safety Management (OSHA) and Risk Management (EPA) regulations, and the International Organization of Standards' (ISO 14000) environmental management standard. Pg.___
  • Progresses systematically from elementary concepts to advanced technology and techniques of risk analysis. Pg.___
  • Covers various methods for calculating and reducing risks. Pg.___
  • Presents many examples and illustrations. Pg.___
  • Provides a companion to Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications by Crowl & Louvar. Pg.___
  • Includes references for additional information on risk analysis. Pg.___

Description

  • Copyright 1998
  • Dimensions: 7" x 9-1/4"
  • Pages: 704
  • Edition: 1st
  • Book
  • ISBN-10: 0-13-127739-1
  • ISBN-13: 978-0-13-127739-7


12773-8

The complete, up-to-date guide to quantifying and mitigating environmental risks. This book constitutes Volume 2 of the Prentice Hall PTR Environmental Management Engineering Series.

In an era of limited resources and heightened environmental awareness, professionals responsible for handling chemicals and chemical wastes need a deep understanding of quantitative risk analysis. This is the first book to assemble in-depth coverage of the diverse topics relevant to measuring and mitigating environmental risks.

A companion to the well-received Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications, this book's readable explanations and illuminating case studies will help you:

  • Identify potential hazards caused by process technology, human behavior, or lack of management systems
  • Utilize EPA-compliant source models to describe and quantify release scenarios
  • Create fault trees that use basic probability theory to analyze the likelihood of a release
  • Quantify the potential consequences of a chemical release
  • Understand the concepts and applicability of structural activity relationships (SARs) for identifying the hazards of chemicals

Using detailed quantitative illustrations, the book presents current techniques for assessing exposures, predicting carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects, and analyzing the risks of ionizing radiation. It introduces today's broader “ecology assessments” that review the impact of a manufacturing process on the entire surrounding ecosystem. Finally, it shows how to manage risk analysis, integrate it with U.S. EPA regulatory compliance, and use it to help achieve global ISO 14000 environmental certification.

If you can measure a process, you can understand it, control it, and make it environmentally friendlier. Whether you are a professional safety, health, environmental or R&D professional—in industry, government, or the community—this book delivers all the tools you'll need.

Sample Content

Table of Contents



 1. Introduction.


 2. Process Descriptions.


 3. Hazard Identification.


 4. Source Models.


 5. Fault Tree Analysis.


 6. Consequence Analysis.


 7. Exposure Assessment.


 8. Dose Response and Risk Characterization.


 9. Radiation Risk Assessment.


10. Environmental Assessment.


11. Structural Activity Relationships.


12. Risk Management.


13. Managing Risk.


14. Regulations.


15. ISO 14000


Appendices.


Index.

Preface

Preface

This textbook is primarily designed for teaching and applying the fundamentals of health and environmental risk analysis. It can be used as an industrial reference book, a text for a senior-level undergraduate course, or a text for a graduate course on risk analysis. Anyone interested in understanding, mitigating, or eliminating the risks associated with handling chemicals will find this book helpful. Users may include students as well as personnel from government agencies, city governments, communities, chemical plants, and storage or transportation facilities. This book is a companion text to D. A. Crowl and J. F. Louvar, Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1990), an introductory text on chemical process safety. It will serve as a significant extension of Crowl and Louvar's concepts and practices, with emphasis on risk analysis.

Risk analyzers currently use many resources scattered throughout several books, periodicals, and government documents. Often a reference work covers only a simple individual topic in great detail, making risk analysis difficult to comprehend as a single subject. The purpose of this text is to condense the most important technical principles concerning risk analysis by compiling subsets of the information deemed essential for industrial and university use. It is hoped that emphasis on the essentials will help students and practicing scientists and engineers understand the concepts and apply them appropriately.

Risk analysis is especially important today because governments, companies, and communities are becoming more aware of their environmental and safety responsibilities. At the same time, rising costs of regulatory compliance and dwindling natural resources require us to (a) differentiate degrees of risk, (b) identify the most effective risk reduction alternatives, and (c) manage the communication process to facilitate appropriate and timely action. Without realistic relative risk analyses, governments, communities, and practitioners will inappropriately treat all risks equally.



Regulations

Environmental and safety regulations affect processing plants, universities, laboratories, government facilities, city water purification plants, auto repair shops, and even the local dry cleaners. The process of compliance with environmental regulations can be time consuming and costly and may cause many businesses to move their operations to countries with fewer regulatory constraints. While moving business out of the country supposedly reduces local risk, it will also reduce employment-and unemployment beats out steeplejacking for the riskiest occupation. One major intent of this book is to help regulators and regulatees effectively comply with these regulations.

With the world's population increasing by one billion every ten years, the effectiveness of the chemical industry, for example, is especially important because it has a major influence on the availability of critical products. The chemical industry has a responsibility to work with national governments and local communities to effectively expand its production of

  • agricultural chemicals to increase the production of food,
  • pharmaceutical products to cure illnesses,
  • surfactants to improve personal hygiene and reduce the possibility of spreading disease, and
  • polymers to provide materials for clothing and shelter.



Reduced Risks to Humans and the Environment

On the other hand, it is clear that we must continue to identify and control chemicals in the environment that may cause premature deaths due to cancer. Industry must also identify and control toxic chemical contamination that may cause serious and permanent damage to our natural resources: forests, streams, rivers, lakes, and wetlands. Historic comparisons demonstrate the value of some of our major environmental regulations. In the 1950s, many of our major streams, rivers, and lakes were disgracefully polluted but have been brought back to life through industry compliance with regulations of the 1960s through 1990s. We can now say with confidence and pride that we are passing these valued environmental resources on to our descendants.



ISO 14000

The final chapter of this book emphasizes the international interest and obligation to protect people and the environment through effective implementation of the ISO 14000 international standards. A shared urgency underlies national government regulations and the ISO standards: Develop and implement management systems to improve our current performance and to build in processes for continuous improvement by

  • documenting what needs to be done for high quality results and continuous improvement,
  • doing what you say needs to be done, and
  • documenting its accomplishment.



Future Direction

Since our resources are limited, we must understand and effectively apply the technology of relative risk analysis. We need to make thorough analyses prior to developing new regulations and prior to initiating new environmental and safety projects. Effective compliance with the regulations will then help regulators and regulatees do a better job of concentrating on real, rather than insignificant, risks. We all need to spend more time and effort on things that matter most, and less time on things that matter least.

We hope this textbook will help inspire students and practitioners to use the principles of risk analysis so that we may effectively reduce injuries to people and damage to the environment. It is our responsibility to protect our co-workers, neighbors, and the environment so that future generations will have at least the same personal and environmental opportunities we have enjoyed.



Acknowledgments

The authors thank their co-workers at the BASF Corporation, Wayne State University, and Madonna University for providing the industrial and university insight necessary for writing this textbook. We also acknowledge the members of the Undergraduate Education Committee of the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) and the Safety and Loss Prevention Committee of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. We have had personal and professional relationships with many of these committee members; their knowledge and enthusiasm have been educational and inspirational during the development of this text.

We thank J. H. Piccirelli (Words/Numbers Processing), B. Kittel, and L. Sieloff, who admirably transformed the terrors of our handwritten manuscript into a typewritten form worthy of technical scrutiny.

We are also most grateful to those who generously gave up their time to read the text and render important criticisms. The following have provided valuable advice and guidance:
  • Dr. E. Kerfoot (BASF Corporation),
  • Dr. R. Kummler (Wayne State University),
  • Dr. R. Cummings (Wayne State University),
  • Dr. J. R. Swanson (Swanson Environmental Company), and
  • Dr. G. Abraham (consultant in the areas of safety and the environment).

    The authors, however, accept full responsibility for any shortcomings in their interpretations of what those who helped offered in the way of sound advice, explanations, style, and teachings.

    Finally, we acknowledge our family members, especially our children, Joyce, Ed, George, and Claire, who have been patient, supportive and neglected during all phases of this undertaking.

Updates

Submit Errata

More Information

InformIT Promotional Mailings & Special Offers

I would like to receive exclusive offers and hear about products from InformIT and its family of brands. I can unsubscribe at any time.

Overview


Pearson Education, Inc., 221 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, (Pearson) presents this site to provide information about products and services that can be purchased through this site.

This privacy notice provides an overview of our commitment to privacy and describes how we collect, protect, use and share personal information collected through this site. Please note that other Pearson websites and online products and services have their own separate privacy policies.

Collection and Use of Information


To conduct business and deliver products and services, Pearson collects and uses personal information in several ways in connection with this site, including:

Questions and Inquiries

For inquiries and questions, we collect the inquiry or question, together with name, contact details (email address, phone number and mailing address) and any other additional information voluntarily submitted to us through a Contact Us form or an email. We use this information to address the inquiry and respond to the question.

Online Store

For orders and purchases placed through our online store on this site, we collect order details, name, institution name and address (if applicable), email address, phone number, shipping and billing addresses, credit/debit card information, shipping options and any instructions. We use this information to complete transactions, fulfill orders, communicate with individuals placing orders or visiting the online store, and for related purposes.

Surveys

Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. Participation is voluntary. Pearson collects information requested in the survey questions and uses the information to evaluate, support, maintain and improve products, services or sites, develop new products and services, conduct educational research and for other purposes specified in the survey.

Contests and Drawings

Occasionally, we may sponsor a contest or drawing. Participation is optional. Pearson collects name, contact information and other information specified on the entry form for the contest or drawing to conduct the contest or drawing. Pearson may collect additional personal information from the winners of a contest or drawing in order to award the prize and for tax reporting purposes, as required by law.

Newsletters

If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information@informit.com.

Service Announcements

On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement. For instance, if our service is temporarily suspended for maintenance we might send users an email. Generally, users may not opt-out of these communications, though they can deactivate their account information. However, these communications are not promotional in nature.

Customer Service

We communicate with users on a regular basis to provide requested services and in regard to issues relating to their account we reply via email or phone in accordance with the users' wishes when a user submits their information through our Contact Us form.

Other Collection and Use of Information


Application and System Logs

Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site. Log data may include technical information about how a user or visitor connected to this site, such as browser type, type of computer/device, operating system, internet service provider and IP address. We use this information for support purposes and to monitor the health of the site, identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents and appropriately scale computing resources.

Web Analytics

Pearson may use third party web trend analytical services, including Google Analytics, to collect visitor information, such as IP addresses, browser types, referring pages, pages visited and time spent on a particular site. While these analytical services collect and report information on an anonymous basis, they may use cookies to gather web trend information. The information gathered may enable Pearson (but not the third party web trend services) to link information with application and system log data. Pearson uses this information for system administration and to identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents, appropriately scale computing resources and otherwise support and deliver this site and its services.

Cookies and Related Technologies

This site uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, measure traffic patterns, control security, track use and access of information on this site, and provide interest-based messages and advertising. Users can manage and block the use of cookies through their browser. Disabling or blocking certain cookies may limit the functionality of this site.

Do Not Track

This site currently does not respond to Do Not Track signals.

Security


Pearson uses appropriate physical, administrative and technical security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure.

Children


This site is not directed to children under the age of 13.

Marketing


Pearson may send or direct marketing communications to users, provided that

  • Pearson will not use personal information collected or processed as a K-12 school service provider for the purpose of directed or targeted advertising.
  • Such marketing is consistent with applicable law and Pearson's legal obligations.
  • Pearson will not knowingly direct or send marketing communications to an individual who has expressed a preference not to receive marketing.
  • Where required by applicable law, express or implied consent to marketing exists and has not been withdrawn.

Pearson may provide personal information to a third party service provider on a restricted basis to provide marketing solely on behalf of Pearson or an affiliate or customer for whom Pearson is a service provider. Marketing preferences may be changed at any time.

Correcting/Updating Personal Information


If a user's personally identifiable information changes (such as your postal address or email address), we provide a way to correct or update that user's personal data provided to us. This can be done on the Account page. If a user no longer desires our service and desires to delete his or her account, please contact us at customer-service@informit.com and we will process the deletion of a user's account.

Choice/Opt-out


Users can always make an informed choice as to whether they should proceed with certain services offered by InformIT. If you choose to remove yourself from our mailing list(s) simply visit the following page and uncheck any communication you no longer want to receive: www.informit.com/u.aspx.

Sale of Personal Information


Pearson does not rent or sell personal information in exchange for any payment of money.

While Pearson does not sell personal information, as defined in Nevada law, Nevada residents may email a request for no sale of their personal information to NevadaDesignatedRequest@pearson.com.

Supplemental Privacy Statement for California Residents


California residents should read our Supplemental privacy statement for California residents in conjunction with this Privacy Notice. The Supplemental privacy statement for California residents explains Pearson's commitment to comply with California law and applies to personal information of California residents collected in connection with this site and the Services.

Sharing and Disclosure


Pearson may disclose personal information, as follows:

  • As required by law.
  • With the consent of the individual (or their parent, if the individual is a minor)
  • In response to a subpoena, court order or legal process, to the extent permitted or required by law
  • To protect the security and safety of individuals, data, assets and systems, consistent with applicable law
  • In connection the sale, joint venture or other transfer of some or all of its company or assets, subject to the provisions of this Privacy Notice
  • To investigate or address actual or suspected fraud or other illegal activities
  • To exercise its legal rights, including enforcement of the Terms of Use for this site or another contract
  • To affiliated Pearson companies and other companies and organizations who perform work for Pearson and are obligated to protect the privacy of personal information consistent with this Privacy Notice
  • To a school, organization, company or government agency, where Pearson collects or processes the personal information in a school setting or on behalf of such organization, company or government agency.

Links


This web site contains links to other sites. Please be aware that we are not responsible for the privacy practices of such other sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our site and to read the privacy statements of each and every web site that collects Personal Information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected by this web site.

Requests and Contact


Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information.

Changes to this Privacy Notice


We may revise this Privacy Notice through an updated posting. We will identify the effective date of the revision in the posting. Often, updates are made to provide greater clarity or to comply with changes in regulatory requirements. If the updates involve material changes to the collection, protection, use or disclosure of Personal Information, Pearson will provide notice of the change through a conspicuous notice on this site or other appropriate way. Continued use of the site after the effective date of a posted revision evidences acceptance. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

Last Update: November 17, 2020