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Creating Computer Simulation Systems: An Introduction to the High Level Architecture

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Creating Computer Simulation Systems: An Introduction to the High Level Architecture

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Description

  • Copyright 2000
  • Dimensions: 7" x 9-1/4"
  • Pages: 240
  • Edition: 1st
  • Book
  • ISBN-10: 0-13-022511-8
  • ISBN-13: 978-0-13-022511-5


2251A-0

  • Master HLA: The worldwide standard for simulation and modeling components
  • Detailed coverage for decision-makers and technical professionals.
  • Extended tutorial example: apply HLA to a real-world problem

The comprehensive guide to HLA, the worldwide standard for simulation components!

If you want to succeed in the new worldwide market for plug-in simulation components, Creating Computer Simulation Systems will show you how. This is the only comprehensive guide to the High Level Architecture (HLA), the new global standard for creating component-based computer models and simulations. HLA was recently adopted by the field's #1 customer, the United States Department of Defense-but it will be equally exciting for commercial applications, even including gaming.

In this book, recognized leaders of the HLA community present detailed coverage for decision-makers, software engineers, architects, and project managers alike. Coverage includes:

  • A high-level overview of HLA's technical and business rationale
  • HLA architecture and components, including the Runtime Infrastructure (RTI) and Federation Object Model (FOM)
  • An extended tutorial that shows HLA at work solving a significant real-world simulation problem
  • Advanced technical topics related to HLA implementation
  • Extensive programming examples throughout the book and on website

The accompanying website contains a complete implementation of the HLA Runtime Infrastructure for Windows compatible and other computers, as well as "Test Federate" software you can use to invoke HLA services without coding.

Whether you're a manager, developer, or integrator, HLA will drive the next revolution in simulation-and this book can help you play a leading role.

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Table of Contents



1. Introduction.

Why a High Level Architecture for Modeling and Simulation. An HLA Federation Has Software and Data Components. The HLA As a Standard. You Can Run Your Own Federation.



2. The Story Behind the HLA.

Introduction. How the HLA Got Started. The Model of Technology Transition. Technology Development. Product Development. Customer Transition. Why Does HLA Progress When Other (Equally) Good Ideas Have Not?



3. An Overview of the HLA.

Introduction. The HLA Defines a Software Architecture. The HLA Offers Services in Six Areas. Summary.



4. The Sushi Restaurant Federation.

Building a Federation: Beginning an Example. Federation Management: Defining the Federation. The Federation Object Model: A Common Description of the World. Overview of Sharing Data. Sharing Data: More Details. Ownership: Responsibility and Cooperation in Modeling an Entity. Summary.



5. Synchronizing the Federation.

Building a Federation: More on the Example. Time Management: Everything in Order. Federation Execution Lifecycle: Coordinating Independent Federates. Requirements Creep Sets In: the Demo Returns. Summary.



6. A Sample Implementation.

Introduction. Exactly What Is Implemented. Running the Sample Implementation. Types Common to All Federates. Structure of the Production Federate. The Transport Federate. The Consumption Federate. The Manager Federate. The Viewer Federate.



7. Extending the Federation for a New Purpose.

Using the Federation for a New Purpose. Summary.



8. Advanced Topics.

Introduction. Zero Lookahead. Approach to Time Management for Optimistic Federates. Save and Restore. Data Distribution Management (DDM). More on How to Use the MOM.



Appendix References and Accompanying Website.


Index.

Preface

Preface

Guidance to the Reader

Suppose you have several computer simulations that you wish to combine to create a single simulation system. For example, you have simulations of various manufacturing machines and simulations of conveyors. You desire to create a simulation of a complete factory floor while minimizing the changes needed to the existing simulations. Or perhaps you have a simulation of air traffic controllers in a region and another simulation of civil aircraft. You wish to create a complete simulation of air traffic in your region, and you expect you'll need to add a simulation of military air traffic later. The High Level Architecture for modeling and simulation, or HLA, is the glue you need to combine existing simulations and accommodate new ones.

The HLA is a software architecture for creating computer models or simulations out of component models or simulations. The HLA has been adopted by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) for use by all its modeling and simulation activities. The HLA is also increasingly finding civilian application. This book is a comprehensive introduction to the HLA.

"High Level Architecture" might seem an ambitious name. When the name was adopted by the DoD, the context was a variety of military simulation programs with little in common and little that could be reused. The HLA was the "high level" architecture from the perspective of the simulation programs of the time. While the HLA contains much that is generic to distributed computer systems, its intended application is to modeling and simulation.

Audience

This book will be useful to you if you are one of the following:

  • The systems engineer or integrator of a simulation system comprising several components
  • The developer of a simulation or model to be used as a component in a larger simulation system
  • A decision-maker, someone who has to decide to commit money and resources to a project employing the HLA
  • A student of simulation in the context of computer science
  • A student of technology transfer

If you are an integrator or developer, we expect you are an experienced programmer. You'll get the most out of the book if you can run and modify the software presented in the text, but most of the discussion of the HLA is designed to be independent of the code samples. Furthermore, we have provided tools that will allow you to experiment with the HLA without writing software.

Scope and Contents

The book consists of text and a CD-ROM. The text contains tutorial material and exercises with the HLA. The tutorial material can be read without the exercises. The two are differentiated visually, to make it easy to skip the exercises. The CD-ROM contains reference documents, software, and installation instructions.

What This Book Covers

The text of the book beyond the Preface is divided into the following chapters:

  1. Introduction: defines the HLA
  2. The Story Behind the HLA: the reasons for the definition of the HLA and its development, how it came to be, how the HLA has been promoted as an architecture, and why it has succeeded
  3. An Overview of the HLA: the HLA considered as a software architecture, its large pieces, its chief functions, and some things it is not
  4. The Sushi Restaurant Federation: the beginning of a tutorial on using the HLA to integrate a set of simulations in substantial technical detail
  5. Synchronizing the Federation: a continuation of the tutorial
  6. A Sample Implementation: a guide to a complete implementation of the simulation system developed in The Sushi Restaurant Federation and Synchronizing the Federation
  7. Extending the Federation for a New Purpose: a tutorial that builds on The Sushi Restaurant Federation and Synchronizing the Federation
  8. Advanced Topics: further technical detail to be approached after you've read the tutorial parts

This book aims to be a tutorial, rather than an exhaustive reference. The index will make this book useful as a reference as well, but our main aim is to guide you in applying the HLA in the most common circumstances.

Contents of the CD-ROM

The CD-ROM contains the HLA specification (all three parts), software, installation instructions, and programming notes. You can find installation instructions and other documentation by starting with the file index.html in the top directory of the CD-ROM. Software includes the following:

  • An implementation of the HLA Runtime Infrastructure (RTI) suitable for use with the sample code. This implementation, called the Pitch Portable RTI (pRTITM) Exploration Edition, is from Pitch AB of Linköping, Sweden Pitch 1999a. The pRTI Exploration Edition implements the entire HLA Interface Specification but is limited in capacity. An unlimited version is available Pitch 1999b.
  • A "Test Federate," software that can be used to invoke the various HLA services manually. You can use the Test Federate to explore the HLA without writing any software yourself MITRE 1999.
  • A complete implementation of the simulation system developed in the tutorial, included as Java source code and as executable files MITRE 1999.
How to Read This Book

Regardless of your interest, you should go through the rest of this preface and Chapter 1, "Introduction," thereby furnishing yourself with terms and definitions you will need for the other parts of the book.

  • If your interest is chiefly managerial, we recommend that you continue with Chapter 2, "The Story Behind the HLA," and perhaps Chapter 3, "Overview."
  • If your interest is chiefly technical, we suggest Chapter 2, "The Story Behind the HLA," for general background and strongly recommend Chapter 3, "Overview." That will give you a high-level technical understanding of the HLA.
  • If you're an integrator or developer, you'll want to continue into the tutorial parts: Chapter 4, "The Sushi Restaurant Federation," Chapter 5, "Synchronizing the Federation," and Chapter 7, "Extending the Federation for a New Purpose." The tutorials are designed to be read from beginning to end; they are not very amenable to sampling in the middle. You'll definitely want to have read the tutorial parts before tackling Chapter 8, "Advanced Topics."
  • If your interest extends to the details of programming with the HLA, you should read Chapter 6, "A Sample Implementation," in the order it appears among the tutorial parts.

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