| 1 |
p24 |
When the nerve is stimulated, sodium ions enter inside the cell through exclusive channels that are opened only when firing is primed by an active cell upstream. The resting electrical potential of the neuron is –70 millivolts. When enough sodium enters the cell and the electrical potential changes enough that it crosses a threshold, it shoots to +50 millivolts as the floodgates open and sodium rushes in causing potassium to rush out. Afterwards, a resulting undershoot below resting potential occurs. During this “refractory period,” the neuron is unable to fire until it returns back to the normal resting potential of –70 again. |
When the nerve is stimulated, sodium ions enter inside the cell through exclusive channels that are opened only when firing is primed by an active cell upstream. The resting electrical potential of the neuron is –70 millivolts. When enough sodium filters into the cell, the electrical potential breaches a voltage threshold, the floodgates open and it explodes to +50 millivolts, as sodium rushes in and causes potassium to flow out. Afterwards, a resulting undershoot below resting potential occurs. During this “refractory period,” the neuron is unable to fire until it returns back to the normal resting potential of –70 again. |
5/2/2013 |
| 1 |
p161 |
Andrew Koob is currently researching brain disease at the University of Munich, Germany, where he continues to trumpet subversive glial theories. Previously, he has worked as a postdoctoral research fellow in pediatric neurosurgery at Dartmouth College and was a postdoctoral fellow for research in Parkinson’s Disease at the University of California, San Diego. |
Andrew Koob graduated from Purdue University with a Ph.D. in neuroscience in 2005. After graduation, he worked as a postdoctoral research fellow in pediatric neurosurgery at Dartmouth College, followed by positions as a postdoctoral fellow for research in Parkinson’s neurogenetics at the University of Munich, Germany. |
5/2/2013 |