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Java Application Architecture: Modularity Patterns with Examples Using OSGi

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Product Author Bios

Kirk Knoernschild is an analyst at Gartner Group covering many aspects of application platform strategies, including development platforms, programming languages and frameworks, mobile application platforms, and the software development life cycle (SDLC). He was previously an analyst at Burton Group, and before that Mr. Knoernschild was a software developer who could be found working in the trenches on enterprise software development projects. With more than seventeen years of software development experience, Mr. Knoernschild has filled most roles on the software development team. In 2002, Mr. Knoernschild wrote the book "Java Design: Objects, UML, and Process," published by Addison-Wesley. Mr. Knoernschild is an open source contributor, has written numerous articles, and is a frequent conference speaker. He has trained and mentored thousands of software professionals on topics including Java/J2EE, modeling, software architecture and design, component-based development, service-oriented architecture, and software process. Mr. Knoernschild is trapped in a software developer's body, and continues to enjoy hacking in a variety of languages, including Java, .NET, Ruby, and PHP.

“I’m dancing! By god I’m dancing on the walls. I’m dancing on the ceiling. I’m ecstatic. I’m overjoyed. I’m really, really pleased.”

–From the Foreword by Robert C. Martin (a.k.a. Uncle Bob)

 

This isn’t the first book on Java application architecture. No doubt it won’t be the last. But rest assured, this title is different. The way we develop Java applications is about to change, and this title explores the new way of Java application architecture.

 

Over the past several years, module frameworks have been gaining traction on the Java platform, and upcoming versions of Java will include a module system that allows you to leverage the power of modularity to build more resilient and flexible software systems. Modularity isn’t a new concept. But modularity will change the way we develop Java applications, and you’ll only be able to realize the benefits if you understand how to design more modular software systems.

 

Java Application Architecture will help you

 

  • Design modular software that is extensible, reusable, maintainable, and adaptable
  • Design modular software today, in anticipation of future platform support for modularity
  • Break large software systems into a flexible composite of collaborating modules
  • Understand where to place your architectural focus
  • Migrate large-scale monolithic applications to applications with a modular architecture
  • Articulate the advantages of modular software to your team

 

Java Application Architecture lays the foundation you’ll need to incorporate modular design thinking into your development initiatives. Before it walks you through eighteen patterns that will help you architect modular software, it lays a solid foundation that shows you why modularity is a critical weapon in your arsenal of design tools. Throughout, you’ll find examples that illustrate the concepts. By designing modular applications today, you are positioning yourself for the platform and architecture of tomorrow. That’s why Uncle Bob is dancing.

Related Article

Paradoxes of Software Architecture

Author's Site

Link to author site

Companion Site

Book companion site: http://modularity.kirkk.com

Customer Reviews

14 of 14 people found the following review helpful
3.0 out of 5 stars Good modularization advice; not a general software architecture book, November 10, 2012
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This review is from: Java Application Architecture: Modularity Patterns with Examples Using OSGi (Robert C. Martin Series) (Paperback)
Review: 3.5 stars

This is a readable introduction to the principles of code modularity written from the perspective of a practitioner, not an academic. I can recommend it for programmers early in their careers since we all wrote code with poor dependency management when we were young, and this book guides programmers down a better path.

Beware: The book's title should be "Modularizing Java Programs" since it covers only that aspect of program design. The author appears unaware of the published field of software architecture, which would have helped him situate his good advice. This is NOT a book on software architecture, generally.

Pro:

* Chapter 7 showing the progressive packaging of the example system by applying the patterns. This provides an excellent context to understand the value of each pattern since each refactoring is preceded by a business goal like "We'd like to use this part of the code elsewhere, but not that part"... Read more
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1 of 1 people found the following review helpful
4.0 out of 5 stars Should be superfluous, October 1, 2012
This review is from: Java Application Architecture: Modularity Patterns with Examples Using OSGi (Robert C. Martin Series) (Paperback)
Kirk Knoernschild's book ought to be made superfluous, but as it stands it is direly needed.

At least the first two parts: "The Case for Modularity" and "The Patterns" should be known by heart by any Java developer. It should be second nature for disciplined and professional developers.

I highly recommend the book for anyone interested in modularity, especially developers looking at an existing code base resembling a big ball of mud who wants to disentangle it.
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5 of 7 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars The most Important Software Architecture Practices, April 15, 2012
By 
T. Anderson (PA USA) - See all my reviews
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This review is from: Java Application Architecture: Modularity Patterns with Examples Using OSGi (Robert C. Martin Series) (Paperback)
Finally someone has put the most important software architecture practices into words. Within this book lies the concepts that are the heart of true agility. Without a modularized architecture, any decent size project can not achieve agility. I have seen so many agile projects flop because they ignored architecture, in particular they ignored modularization.

This book also provides the keys concepts needed to ensure modifiability, the number one quality attribute for any architecture. It drives home the importance of physical design. An often overlooked aspect of designing modularity, yet it is the most important. Good logical design does not really matter if you have a poor physical design.

The book is broken down into 3 parts and includes an appendix that gives an overview of the SOLID Principles.

Part 1 The Case for Modularity introduces modularity and how it relates to complexity, architecture, SOA, Reuse, Design Rot, and Technical Debt. Part 1... Read more
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Online Sample Chapters

Introduction to Java Application Architecture: Modularity Patterns with Examples Using OSGi

Java Application Architecture: Architecture and Modularity

Table of Contents

Foreword by Robert C. Martin xix

Foreword by Peter Kriens xxi

Acknowledgments xxv

About the Author xxvii

 

Introduction 1

Object-Oriented Design 2

Logical versus Physical Design 3

Modularity 4

Who This Book Is For 6

How This Book Is Organized 7

Pattern Form 10

Pattern Catalog 12

The Code 13

An Opening Thought on the Modularity Patterns 14

Reference 14

 

Part I: The Case for Modularity 15

 

Chapter 1: Module Defined 17

1.1 Defining a Module 17

1.2 Succinct Definition of a Software Module 20

1.3 Conclusion 20

 

Chapter 2: The Two Facets of Modularity 21

2.1 The Runtime Model 21

2.2 The Development Model 22

2.3 Modularity Today 25

2.4 Conclusion 27

 

Chapter 3: Architecture and Modularity 29

3.1 Defining Architecture 29

3.2 A Software Architecture Story 30

3.3 The Goal of Architecture 33

3.4 Modularity: The Missing Ingredient 36

3.5 Answering Our Questions 43

3.6 Conclusion 44

3.7 References 44

 

Chapter 4: Taming the Beast Named Complexity 45

4.1 Enterprise Complexity 46

4.2 Technical Debt 47

4.3 Design Rot 48

4.4 Cyclic Dependencies–The Death Knell 50

4.5 Joints, Modules, and SOLID 56

4.6 Managing Complexity 57

4.7 Benefits of Modularity 59

4.8 Conclusion 60

4.9 References 60

 

Chapter 5: Realizing Reuse 61

5.1 The Use/Reuse Paradox 62

5.2 The Reuse Disclaimer 63

5.3 Reuse or Use 64

5.4 Modular Tension 65

5.5 Modular Design 66

5.6 Conclusion 67

5.7 Reference 68

 

Chapter 6: Modularity and SOA 69

6.1 All the Way Down, Revisited 69

6.2 Granularity–Architecture’s Nemesis 72

6.3 An Alternate View 79

6.4 Conclusion 80

 

Chapter 7: Reference Implementation 83

7.1 Why No OSGi? 83

7.2 Background on This Exercise: Building the System 84

7.3 Version 1 85

7.4 First Refactoring 87

7.5 Second Refactoring 90

7.6 Third Refactoring 93

7.7 Fourth Refactoring 95

7.8 Fifth Refactoring 98

7.9 Sixth Refactoring 99

7.10 Seventh Refactoring 102

7.11 The Postmortem 103

7.12 Conclusion 110

7.13 Reference 110

 

Part II: The Patterns 111

 

Chapter 8: Base Patterns 115

Manage Relationships 116

Module Reuse 125

Cohesive Modules 139

 

Chapter 9: Dependency Patterns 145

Acyclic Relationships 146

Levelize Modules 157

Physical Layers 162

Container Independence 170

Independent Deployment 178

Reference 185

 

Chapter 10: Usability Patterns 187

Published Interface 188

External Configuration 200

Default Implementation 206

Module Facade 212

 

Chapter 11: Extensibility Patterns 221

Abstract Modules 222

Implementation Factory 229

Separate Abstractions 237

Reference 244

 

Chapter 12: Utility Patterns 245

Colocate Exceptions 246

Levelize Build 253

Test Module 263

 

Part III: Poma and OSGi 271

 

Chapter 13: Introducing OSGi 273

13.1 Some History 273

13.2 Benefits of OSGi 274

13.3 Digesting OSGi 276

13.4 OSGi Bundle 277

13.5 OSGi Runtime Management 279

13.6 The Two Facets of Modularity, Revisited 279

13.7 OSGi and the Patterns 279

 

Chapter 14: The Loan Sample and OSGi 283

14.1 Getting Started 283

14.2 The Manifests 285

14.3 μServices 286

14.4 Installation and Execution 292

14.5 Conclusion 293

 

Chapter 15: OSGi and Scala 295

15.1 Getting Started 295

15.2 The Scala Code 296

15.3 Scala Bean Configuration 299

15.4 Scala μService Configuration 299

15.5 Building the Scala Module 300

15.6 Installation and Execution 300

15.7 Conclusion 301

 

Chapter 16: OSGi and Groovy 303

16.1 Getting Started 303

16.2 The Groovy Code 304

16.3 Groovy Bean Configuration 306

16.4 Groovy Service Configuration 307

16.5 Building the Groovy Module 307

16.6 Installation and Execution 308

16.7 Conclusion 309

 

Chapter 17: Future of OSGi 311

17.1 OSGi as an Enabler 312

17.2 The Disruption 312

17.3 The Power of Ecosystems 314

17.4 The Ecosystem 316

17.5 Conclusion 317

 

Appendix: SOLID Principles of Class Design 319

Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) 320

Open Closed Principle (OCP) 320

Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) 323

Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) 325

Interface Segregation Principle 327

Composite Reuse Principle (CRP) 329

References 335

 

Index 337

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