Home > Store

Interconnecting Data Centers Using VPLS (Ensure Business Continuance on Virtualized Networks by Implementing Layer 2 Connectivity Across Layer 3)

Register your product to gain access to bonus material or receive a coupon.

Interconnecting Data Centers Using VPLS (Ensure Business Continuance on Virtualized Networks by Implementing Layer 2 Connectivity Across Layer 3)

eBook (Watermarked)

  • Your Price: $59.80
  • Includes EPUB and PDF
  • About eBook Formats
  • This eBook includes the following formats, accessible from your Account page after purchase:

    ePub EPUB The open industry format known for its reflowable content and usability on supported mobile devices.

    Adobe Reader PDF The popular standard, used most often with the free Acrobat® Reader® software.

    This eBook requires no passwords or activation to read. We customize your eBook by discreetly watermarking it with your name, making it uniquely yours.

Not for Sale

Description

  • Copyright 2009
  • Dimensions: 7-3/8" x 9-1/8"
  • Pages: 384
  • Edition: 1st
  • eBook (Watermarked)
  • ISBN-10: 0-13-343372-2
  • ISBN-13: 978-0-13-343372-2

As data centers grow in size and complexity, enterprises are adopting server virtualization technologies such as VMware, VMotion, NIC teaming, and server clustering to achieve increased efficiency of resources and to ensure business resilience. However, these technologies often involve significant expense and challenges to deal with complex multisite interconnections and to maintain the high availability of network resources and applications.

Interconnecting Data Centers Using VPLS presents Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) based solutions that provide high-speed, low-latency network and Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) isolation between data centers resulting in significant cost savings and a highly resilient virtualized network. The design guidance, configuration examples, and best practices presented in this book have been validated under the Cisco Validated Design (CVD) System Assurance program to facilitate faster, more reliable and more predictable deployments. The presented solutions include detailed information about issues that relate to large Layer 2 bridging domains and offer guidance for extending VLANs over Layer 3 networks using VPLS technology.

Implementing this breakthrough Data Center Interconnect (DCI) strategy will evolve your network to support current server virtualization techniques and to provide a solid foundation for emerging approaches. The book takes you from the legacy deployment models for DCI, problems associated with extending Layer 2 networks, through VPN technologies, to various MST-, EEM-, and GRE-based deployment models and beyond. Although this book is intended to be read cover-to-cover, it is designed to be flexible and allow you to easily move between chapters to develop the solution most compatible with your requirements.

  • Describes a variety of deployment models to effectively transport Layer 2 information, allowing your virtualization solution to operate effectively
  • Explains benefits and trade-offs of various solutions for you to choose the solution most compatible with your network requirements to ensure business resilience
  • Provides detailed design guidance and configuration examples that follow Cisco best practice recommendations tested within the CVD

This book is part of the Networking Technology Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.

Sample Content

Table of Contents

Introduction xv

Chapter 1 Data Center Layer 2 Interconnect 1

Overview of High-Availability Clusters 2

Public Network Attachment 3

Private Network Attachment 3

Data Center Interconnect: Legacy Deployment Models 4

Problems Associated with Extended Layer 2 Networks 5

Summary 7

Chapter 2 Appraising Virtual Private LAN Service 9

VPN Technology Considerations 9

Layer 3 Virtual Private Networks 10

Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks 10

VPLS Overview 11

Understanding Pseudowires 14

VPLS to Scale STP Domain for Layer 2 Interconnection 15

H-VPLS Considerations 17

EEM 18

MPLS 19

Label Switching Functions 19

MPLS LDP 20

MPLS LDP Targeted Session 20

Limit LDP Label Allocation 21

MPLS LDP-IGP Synchronization 21

MPLS LDP TCP “Pak Priority” 21

MPLS LDP Session Protection 22

Summary 22

Chapter 3 High Availability for Extended Layer 2 Networks 23

MTU Evaluation for Intersite Transport 23

Core Routing 25

Mixed MPLS/IP Core 26

Different IGP for IP Core and MPLS 27

Same IGP for IP Core and MPLS 27

Pure MPLS Core 28

Pure IP Core 30

Convergence Optimization 32

Key Convergence Elements 33

Failure Detection and Tuning 33

IP Event Dampening 34

BFD 35

Link Debounce Timer 37

Carrier-Delay Timer 38

Alternate Route Computation 40

Summary 42

Chapter 4 MPLS Traffic Engineering 43

Understanding MPLS-TE 43

Fast Reroute 44

Load Repartition over the Core 45

Load Repartition over a Parallel-Links Bundle 45

Implementing MPLS-TE for Traffic Repartition over Parallel Links 46

Enable TE 47

Create MPLS-TE Tunnels and Map Each VFI to a Tunnel LSP 48

Explicit-Path Option 48

Adding FRR to Explicit Option 50

Affinity Option 52

Adding FRR to Affinity Option 52

Summary 53

Chapter 5 Data Center Interconnect: Architecture Alternatives 55

Ensuring a Loop-Free Global Topology: Two Primary Solution Models 55

N-PE Using MST for Access to VPLS 56

N-PE Using ICCP Emulation for Access to VPLS 56

Data Center Interconnect Design Alternatives: Summary and Comparison 57

Chapter 6 Case Studies for Data Center Interconnect 61

Case Study 1: Large Government Organization 61

Challenges 61

Solution 62

Case Study 2: Large Outsourcer for Server Migration and Clustering 65

Challenges 65

Solution 65

Summary 68

Chapter 7 Data Center Multilayer Infrastructure Design 69

Network Staging for Design Validation 71

Hardware and Software 72

Convergence Tests 73

Traffic Flow 73

Traffic Rate 73

Traffic Profile 74

Summary 76

Chapter 8 MST-Based Deployment Models 77

MST in N-PE: MST Option 1a 77

Implementing MST in N-PE: MST Option 1a Design 80

Convergence Tests 100

Cluster Server Tests 103

VPLS with N-PE Redundancy Using RPVST with Isolated

MST in N-PE: MST Option 1b 106

EEM Scripting to Complement Isolated MST Solution 109

Implementing RPVST in a Data Center with Isolated MST

in N-PE (MST Option 1b) Design 110

Convergence Tests 130

Cluster Server Tests 134

Summary 138

Chapter 9 EEM-Based Deployment Models 139

N-PE Redundancy Using the Semaphore Protocol: Overview 139

Semaphore Definition 141

Semaphore Theory Application 142

N-PE Redundancy Using Semaphore Protocol: Details 142

VPLS PWs in Normal Mode 142

Primary N-PE Failure 145

Primary N-PE Recovers After the Failure 145

Implementing a Semaphore 146

EEM / Semaphore Scripts 147

Naming Conventions 148

Loopback Definitions 148

Node Definitions 149

VPLS with N-PE Redundancy Using EEM Semaphore:

EEM Option 2 150

Control Plane 151

Data Plane 151

Theory of Operation 151

Normal Mode 151

Failure Conditions 152

Primary N-PE Node Failure 153

Primary N-PE Node Recovers After the Failure 154

N-PE Routers: Hardware and Software 154

Implementing VPLS with N-PE Redundancy Using

EEM Semaphore Design 154

Convergence Tests 168

Cluster Server Tests 172

H-VPLS with N-PE Redundancy Using EEM Semaphore:

EEM Option 3 176

Control Plane 179

Data Plane 179

Theory of Operation 179

Normal Mode 179

Primary N-PE Node or Q-Link Failure 180

Primary N-PE Node or Q-Link Recovers After the Failure 181

N-PE Routers: Hardware and Software 182

Implementing H-VPLS with N-PE Redundancy Using EEM Semaphore

Design 182

Convergence Tests 195

Server Cluster Tests 199

Multidomain H-VPLS with N-PE Redundancy: EEM Option 4a 201

Control Plane 203

Data Plane 203

Theory of Operation 204

Normal Mode 204

Primary N-PE Node or Q-Link Failure 204

Primary N-PE Node or Q-Link Recovery After the Failure 205

N-PE Routers: Hardware and Software 207

Implementing Multidomain H-VPLS with N-PE Redundancy

Using EEM Semaphore Design 207

Convergence Tests 217

Server Cluster Tests 221

Multidomain H-VPLS with Dedicated U-PE: EEM Option 4b 227

Multidomain H-VPLS with Multichassis EtherChannel: EEM Option 5a 227

Solution Positioning 230

Multidomain H-VPLS with MEC and VLAN Load Balancing:

EEM Option 5b 230

Control Plane 233

Data Plane 233

Theory of Operation 233

Normal Mode 233

Primary N-PE Node Failure 234

Primary N-P Node Recovers After the Failure 235

N-PE Routers: Hardware and Software 236

Implementing EEM Option 5b 237

Convergence Tests 252

Server Tests 259

Multidomain H-VPLS with MEC and VLAN Load Balancing:

PWs on Active and Standby VPLS Nodes in Up/Up State:

EEM Option 5c 262

N-PE Routers: Hardware and Software 264

Configuration Summary 265

Convergence Tests 270

Summary 275

Chapter 10 GRE-Based Deployment Model 277

Key Configuration Steps for VPLSoGRE-Based Solutions 279

VPLSoGRE with N-PE Redundancy Using EEM Semaphore 282

Convergence Tests 284

Cluster Server Tests 286

VPLSoGRE: Multidomain with H-VPLS Solution 291

Convergence and Cluster Server Tests 296

Cluster Server Tests 298

Summary 302

Chapter 11 Additional Data Center Interconnect Design Considerations 303

Multicast Deployment in a Layer 2 Environment 303

Multicast at Layer 2 304

Tuning the IGMP Query Interval 304

Spanning Tree, HSRP, and Service Module Design 306

Routing Design 306

QinQ MAC Overlapping 307

Storm Control 310

L2 Control-Plane Packet Storm Toward N-PE 311

L2 Broadcast and Multicast Packet Storm 312

L2 Known Unicast Packet Storm 313

L2 Unknown Unicast Packet Storm 314

QoS Considerations 315

Stateful Switchover Considerations 318

IGP (OSPF) Cost 318

Router ID Selection 319

Summary 319

Chapter 12 VPLS PE Redundancy Using Inter-Chassis

Communication Protocol 321

Introducing ICCP 322

Interaction with AC Redundancy Mechanisms 324

Interaction with PW Redundancy Mechanisms 325

Configuring VPLS PE Redundancy Using ICCP 326

Summary 327

Chapter 13 Evolution of Data Center Interconnect 329

A Larger Problem to Solve 329

Networking Technology: Research Directions 330

Improving Legacy L2 Bridging 330

New Concepts in L2 Bridging 331

L2 Service over L3 Transport: MPLS or IP? Battle or Coexistence? 332

Summary 333

Glossary 335

Index 339

Updates

Submit Errata

More Information

InformIT Promotional Mailings & Special Offers

I would like to receive exclusive offers and hear about products from InformIT and its family of brands. I can unsubscribe at any time.

Overview


Pearson Education, Inc., 221 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, (Pearson) presents this site to provide information about products and services that can be purchased through this site.

This privacy notice provides an overview of our commitment to privacy and describes how we collect, protect, use and share personal information collected through this site. Please note that other Pearson websites and online products and services have their own separate privacy policies.

Collection and Use of Information


To conduct business and deliver products and services, Pearson collects and uses personal information in several ways in connection with this site, including:

Questions and Inquiries

For inquiries and questions, we collect the inquiry or question, together with name, contact details (email address, phone number and mailing address) and any other additional information voluntarily submitted to us through a Contact Us form or an email. We use this information to address the inquiry and respond to the question.

Online Store

For orders and purchases placed through our online store on this site, we collect order details, name, institution name and address (if applicable), email address, phone number, shipping and billing addresses, credit/debit card information, shipping options and any instructions. We use this information to complete transactions, fulfill orders, communicate with individuals placing orders or visiting the online store, and for related purposes.

Surveys

Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. Participation is voluntary. Pearson collects information requested in the survey questions and uses the information to evaluate, support, maintain and improve products, services or sites, develop new products and services, conduct educational research and for other purposes specified in the survey.

Contests and Drawings

Occasionally, we may sponsor a contest or drawing. Participation is optional. Pearson collects name, contact information and other information specified on the entry form for the contest or drawing to conduct the contest or drawing. Pearson may collect additional personal information from the winners of a contest or drawing in order to award the prize and for tax reporting purposes, as required by law.

Newsletters

If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information@informit.com.

Service Announcements

On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement. For instance, if our service is temporarily suspended for maintenance we might send users an email. Generally, users may not opt-out of these communications, though they can deactivate their account information. However, these communications are not promotional in nature.

Customer Service

We communicate with users on a regular basis to provide requested services and in regard to issues relating to their account we reply via email or phone in accordance with the users' wishes when a user submits their information through our Contact Us form.

Other Collection and Use of Information


Application and System Logs

Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site. Log data may include technical information about how a user or visitor connected to this site, such as browser type, type of computer/device, operating system, internet service provider and IP address. We use this information for support purposes and to monitor the health of the site, identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents and appropriately scale computing resources.

Web Analytics

Pearson may use third party web trend analytical services, including Google Analytics, to collect visitor information, such as IP addresses, browser types, referring pages, pages visited and time spent on a particular site. While these analytical services collect and report information on an anonymous basis, they may use cookies to gather web trend information. The information gathered may enable Pearson (but not the third party web trend services) to link information with application and system log data. Pearson uses this information for system administration and to identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents, appropriately scale computing resources and otherwise support and deliver this site and its services.

Cookies and Related Technologies

This site uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, measure traffic patterns, control security, track use and access of information on this site, and provide interest-based messages and advertising. Users can manage and block the use of cookies through their browser. Disabling or blocking certain cookies may limit the functionality of this site.

Do Not Track

This site currently does not respond to Do Not Track signals.

Security


Pearson uses appropriate physical, administrative and technical security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure.

Children


This site is not directed to children under the age of 13.

Marketing


Pearson may send or direct marketing communications to users, provided that

  • Pearson will not use personal information collected or processed as a K-12 school service provider for the purpose of directed or targeted advertising.
  • Such marketing is consistent with applicable law and Pearson's legal obligations.
  • Pearson will not knowingly direct or send marketing communications to an individual who has expressed a preference not to receive marketing.
  • Where required by applicable law, express or implied consent to marketing exists and has not been withdrawn.

Pearson may provide personal information to a third party service provider on a restricted basis to provide marketing solely on behalf of Pearson or an affiliate or customer for whom Pearson is a service provider. Marketing preferences may be changed at any time.

Correcting/Updating Personal Information


If a user's personally identifiable information changes (such as your postal address or email address), we provide a way to correct or update that user's personal data provided to us. This can be done on the Account page. If a user no longer desires our service and desires to delete his or her account, please contact us at customer-service@informit.com and we will process the deletion of a user's account.

Choice/Opt-out


Users can always make an informed choice as to whether they should proceed with certain services offered by InformIT. If you choose to remove yourself from our mailing list(s) simply visit the following page and uncheck any communication you no longer want to receive: www.informit.com/u.aspx.

Sale of Personal Information


Pearson does not rent or sell personal information in exchange for any payment of money.

While Pearson does not sell personal information, as defined in Nevada law, Nevada residents may email a request for no sale of their personal information to NevadaDesignatedRequest@pearson.com.

Supplemental Privacy Statement for California Residents


California residents should read our Supplemental privacy statement for California residents in conjunction with this Privacy Notice. The Supplemental privacy statement for California residents explains Pearson's commitment to comply with California law and applies to personal information of California residents collected in connection with this site and the Services.

Sharing and Disclosure


Pearson may disclose personal information, as follows:

  • As required by law.
  • With the consent of the individual (or their parent, if the individual is a minor)
  • In response to a subpoena, court order or legal process, to the extent permitted or required by law
  • To protect the security and safety of individuals, data, assets and systems, consistent with applicable law
  • In connection the sale, joint venture or other transfer of some or all of its company or assets, subject to the provisions of this Privacy Notice
  • To investigate or address actual or suspected fraud or other illegal activities
  • To exercise its legal rights, including enforcement of the Terms of Use for this site or another contract
  • To affiliated Pearson companies and other companies and organizations who perform work for Pearson and are obligated to protect the privacy of personal information consistent with this Privacy Notice
  • To a school, organization, company or government agency, where Pearson collects or processes the personal information in a school setting or on behalf of such organization, company or government agency.

Links


This web site contains links to other sites. Please be aware that we are not responsible for the privacy practices of such other sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our site and to read the privacy statements of each and every web site that collects Personal Information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected by this web site.

Requests and Contact


Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information.

Changes to this Privacy Notice


We may revise this Privacy Notice through an updated posting. We will identify the effective date of the revision in the posting. Often, updates are made to provide greater clarity or to comply with changes in regulatory requirements. If the updates involve material changes to the collection, protection, use or disclosure of Personal Information, Pearson will provide notice of the change through a conspicuous notice on this site or other appropriate way. Continued use of the site after the effective date of a posted revision evidences acceptance. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

Last Update: November 17, 2020