Sams Teach Yourself XML in 21 Days

By Steven Holzner

• Table of Contents
  • About the Author
  • Acknowledgments
  • We Want to Hear from You!
  • Introduction
  • Part I: At a Glance
  • Day 1. Welcome to XML
  • Day 2. Creating XML Documents
  • Day 3. Creating Well-Formed XML Documents
  • Day 4. Creating Valid XML Documents: DTDs
    • All About DTDs
    • Validating a Document by Using a DTD
    • Creating Element Content Models
    • Commenting a DTD
    • Supporting External DTDs
    • Handling Namespaces in DTDs
    • Summary
    • Q&A
    • Workshop
  • Declaring Attributes in DTDs
  • Day 6. Creating Valid XML Documents: XML Schemas
  • Day 7. Creating Types in XML Schemas
  • Part I. In Review
  • Day 8. Formatting XML by Using Cascading Style Sheets
  • Day 9. Formatting XML by Using XSLT
  • Day 10. Working with XSL Formatting Objects
  • Part II. In Review
  • Part III: At a Glance
  • Day 11. Extending HTML with XHTML
  • Day 12. Putting XHTML to Work
  • Day 13. Creating Graphics and Multimedia: SVG and SMIL
  • Day 14. Handling XLinks, XPointers, and XForms
  • Part III. In Review
  • Part IV: At a Glance
  • Day 15. Using JavaScript and XML
  • Day 16. Using Java and .NET: DOM
  • Day 17. Using Java and .NET: SAX
  • Day 18. Working with SOAP and RDF
  • Part IV. In Review
  • Part V: At a Glance
  • Day 19. Handling XML Data Binding
  • Day 20. Working with XML and Databases
  • Day 21. Handling XML in .NET
  • Part V. In Review
  • Appendix A. Quiz Answers

Q&A

1. We've been using elements such as <!DOCTYPE> and <!ELEMENT> today. Is it okay to use lowercase for these element names?

   No. You need to call them <!DOCTYPE> and <!ELEMENT>, not <!doctype> and <!element>. The capitalization is specified in the XML 1.0 specification, and XML processors accept only the versions in the XML 1.0 specification.

2. Is there any way to create a mixed content model by using a DTD where you can mix both text data and elements on the same level (that is, as siblings), like this: <document>Here is an element:<element>Hello!</element></document>?

   Yes, you can use the ANY keyword. Beyond that, there's no way to do this. The XML 1.0 specification only allows you to create mixed content models by using choices, which means that in mixed content models, you can have either text data or elements, but not both at the same time (the elements themselves can contain text, of course).

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