CCNA Practice Questions: Basic IOS Configuration and Basic Serial WAN Connectivity

By Jeremy Cioara,Chris Ward

Date: Jul 9, 2004

Sample Chapter is provided courtesy of Que.

Return to the article

Jeremy Cioara and Chris Ward provide 50 questions with detailed answers from the CCNA exam's "Basic IOS Configuration and Basic Serial WAN Connectivity" objective.

  1. In which of the following modes in Cisco's IOS can you issue show commands?

    1. User

    2. Privileged

    3. Line Configuration

    4. Global Configuration

  2. You are the network administrator for a large corporation. You want to be able to store all your configurations in a centralized location. Which of these servers will allow you to do so? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. FTP

    2. TFTP

    3. SQL

    4. Oracle

  3. You need to troubleshoot your network IP connectivity. Which of the following commands would you use to find the IP address on your Ethernet 0 interface?

    1. ping

    2. IPConfig

    3. traceroute

    4. Show interface Ethernet 0

  4. Which command would you use in the CLI at User mode to enter Privileged EXEC mode?

    1. Privilege

    2. Admin

    3. Enable

    4. Disable

  5. You have just received 14 Catalyst 3550 switches for your network. What is required to get them functioning correctly in your network?

    1. Nothing

    2. Set up an IP address on the switch

    3. Interconnect them to routers

    4. Install the Cisco IOS

  6. Which of the following prompts indicates your router is in Privileged EXEC mode?

    1. Router>

    2. Router#

    3. Router&

    4. Router$

  7. You have made a console connection to your Cisco Catalyst 1900 series switch and you see the > symbol in HyperTerminal. What does it mean?

    1. You are in Privileged EXEC mode.

    2. You are in User EXEC mode.

    3. The switch has not been configured.

    4. The switch is in need of repairs.

  8. You would like to assign a meaningful name to your Catalyst 1900 series switch—what command should you use?

    1. enable

    2. host name

    3. hostname

    4. name

  9. You need to assign an IP address to your Catalyst 1912 switch. You are at the HQ_SW1> prompt. What is the correct series of commands? (cr = carriage return)

    1. enable <cr> ip address 10.1.1.1

    2. enable <cr> ip address 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

    3. enable <cr> configure terminal <cr> ip address 10.1.1.1

    4. enable <cr> configure terminal <cr> ip address 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

  10. Which of the following commands displays the syntax for the clock command?

    1. cl?

    2. clock?

    3. clock ?

    4. cl ?

  11. Which of the following commands will place a welcoming message whenever you log in to a router?

    1. Router(config)# banner message

    2. Router(config)# banner motd &

    3. Router# banner motd #

    4. Router# banner message !

  12. You need to connect to your 2611 router to configure an interface. Which of the following methods will allow you to issue commands on the router? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Telnet

    2. FTP

    3. Console connection

    4. AUX connection

  13. You want to prevent unauthorized users from plugging their laptops into the router. What type of password will help prevent this issue?

    1. vty

    2. Interface

    3. Console

    4. Enable

  14. You have connected to the console port and are running HyperTerminal. All you see is gobbledygook numbers—what is the solution to this problem?

    1. Change the connectors

    2. Use a different Terminal program

    3. Reset the router

    4. Adjust the baud rate

    Figure 3.1Figure 3.1

  15. Which of the following commands would you type to receive this output?

    1. Show running-config

    2. Show startup-config

    3. Show ip route

    4. Show version

  16. You are configuring a router named East for authentication with a router named West using CHAP. What username should you configure on East to allow the routers to communicate?

    1. East

    2. West

    3. South

    4. North

  17. What is the default point-to-point encapsulation protocol used on a Cisco router?

    1. PPP

    2. SLIP

    3. HDLC

    4. ATM

  18. What type of handshake occurs with CHAP authentication?

    1. One-way

    2. Two-way

    3. Three-way

    4. Mutual

  19. The establishment of a PPP serial connection occurs in three steps. Where would authentication fit in to those three steps?

    1. Step 1

    2. Step 2

    3. Step 3

    4. None—authentication occurs after the link is fully established

    Figure 3.2Figure 3.2

  20. Which of the following commands did you type to see this output on your Cisco router?

    1. Show version

    2. Show running-config

    3. Show startup-config

    4. Show router setup

    Figure 3.3Figure 3.3

  21. Which of the following commands did you type to see this output?

    1. Show interface Ethernet 0/0

    2. Show ip interface detail

    3. Show interface Serial 0/1

    4. Show ip interface brief

    Figure 3.4Figure 3.4

     

    Figure 3.5Figure 3.5

  22. Your routers at ACME are having some connectivity issues. You issue show commands for each connecting router's interface. Why are they unable to communicate?

    1. Incorrect IP address

    2. Wrong routing protocol

    3. Bad cable

    4. Encapsulation mismatch

  23. You need to back up the configurations you just made but there are no TFTP servers available. Which of the following commands are options to backup your currently running configuration? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Router1#copy running-config startup-config

    2. Router1#copy running-config flash

    3. Router1#copy startup-config running-config

    4. Router1#copy running-config rcp

  24. You are consulting a small business that is establishing its first WAN link. The client wants to know what encapsulation you will be using on the link. Which of the following are valid encapsulations for WAN links? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Frame relay

    2. Ethernet

    3. Token ring

    4. PPP

    5. q E. HDLC

  25. Your boss is concerned about security on your network. She wants to make sure that no one can identify passwords if they happen to view a configuration on your router. What command will encrypt all passwords on your router?

    1. Router1#service password-encryption

    2. Router1(config)#service password-encryption

    3. Router1#enable secret password

    4. Router1(config)#enable secret password

  26. You need to set up a password that will prevent unauthorized users from telnetting into your router. What series of commands would you use?

    1. Acme1(config)# line console 0
      Acme1(config-line)# password acme
      Acme1(config-line)# login

    2. Acme1(config)# line vty 0
      Acme1(config-line)# enable password acme

    3. Acme1(config)# line vty 0
      Acme1(config-line)# enable secret acme
      Acme1(config-line)# login

    4. Acme1(config)# line vty 0
      Acme1(config-line)# password acme
      Acme1(config-line)# login

  27. When setting up your serial interfaces, what does the clockrate command do for your connection?

    1. Establishes the timing at which you send data

    2. Establishes keepalives

    3. Establishes the advertised bandwidth

    4. Establishes the time on the router

  28. You need to set up passwords on all your default Telnet lines. What command would you start with?

    1. Router1(config)#telnet configuration

    2. Router1(config)#interface Ethernet 0/1

    3. Router1(config)#line vty 1 5

    4. Router1(config)#line vty 0 4

  29. You can execute show commands at which prompt? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Router1#

    2. Router1(config)#

    3. Router1(config-router)#

    4. Router1>

    5. romon1>

  30. You are configuring your router and type in an Enable password and an Enable Secret password. Your fellow network technician asks you why you have two passwords set when you only need one. What do you tell him?

    1. The Enable password is used by low-level applications.

    2. If you reverted to an older version of the IOS, it would not understand the Secret password.

    3. Both passwords are treated the same.

    4. It is a failsafe method of ensuring that people need to type two passwords instead of just one.

  31. You need to get back to Privileged mode from Interface Configuration mode. What is the quickest method?

    1. Ctrl+Shift+6, then press X

    2. Ctrl+Esc

    3. Ctrl+Z

    4. Type exit

  32. When establishing a PPP link, which of the following would be negotiated? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. IPXCP

    2. CHAP

    3. UDP

    4. Q.931

    5. Multilink Protocol

  33. Which of the following commands will return your router to a previously saved configuration?

    1. Router1#setup

    2. Router1#copy running-config startup-config

    3. Router1#copy startup-config running-config

    4. Router1#reload

  34. Cisco's Internetwork Operating System (IOS) provides many services. Which of the following are features of the IOS? (Choose all that apply.)

    1. Connectivity for high-speed traffic between devices

    2. Security to control access and prohibit unauthorized network use

    3. Features to carry network protocols

    4. Web-based GUI to configure features

  35. What is the baud rate setting for your terminal emulation program so that you can communicate through your console port?

    1. 2400

    2. 9600

    3. 14400

    4. 36300

  36. What must be configured on a Cisco device to enable Telnet functionality?

    1. A management IP address

    2. SNMP

    3. CDP

    4. vty ports

  37. You are configuring your Cisco router and need to go back to User EXEC mode. What command will take you back to User EXEC mode?

    1. Router1#enable

    2. Router1#exit

    3. Router1#configure terminal

    4. Router1#disable

  38. Which of the following commands will place an IP address on your Catalyst 1900 switch?

    1. Switch1#ip address 10.1.1.1

    2. Switch1#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

    3. Switch1(config)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

    4. Switch1(config-vlan)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

    Figure 3.6Figure 3.6

  39. Which of the following commands did you enter to receive this output?

    1. Router1#show NVRAM

    2. Router1#show Flash

    3. Router1#show Flash-Mem

    4. Router1#show Version

  40. Your senior network administrator is unable to telnet to the Catalyst 1900 switch because she forgot the IP address. You have physical access and are able to console in. Which of the following commands is the best to get the IP address on the switch?

    1. Switch1#show ip

    2. Switch1#show vlan 1

    3. Switch1#show ip route

    4. Switch1#show version

    Figure 3.7Figure 3.7

  41. You have powered up your Cisco 3640 router. The first thing you see is the above output. Which of the following statements about this screen is accurate?

    1. Your IOS is corrupt and unable to load.

    2. Your configuration is missing parameters.

    3. You do not have a configuration saved in NVRAM.

    4. You have typed setup in the Privileged mode.

  42. You type in a command and are shown the following output:

    43. % Ambiguous command: "show con"

    What does this mean?

    1. You did not enter enough characters for your device to recognize the command.

    2. You did not enter all the keywords or values required by this command.

    3. You entered the command incorrectly.

    4. Context-sensitive help is unable to help you with this command.

  43. You are typing a command into the Cisco IOS. It is more than one terminal line long. What will the IOS do?

    1. The router automatically moves the cursor to the next line and uses a caret (^) to indicate the line break.

    2. The router truncates the command because commands longer than one line are not allowed.

    3. The router automatically scrolls the line to the left and uses a dollar sign ($) to indicate that there is text to the left of the $.

    4. The router shortens all the commands to squeeze the command on to the screen.

  44. You want to change the size of the command history buffer. Which of the following commands will set it permanently to 100?

    1. Router1#terminal history 100

    2. Router1#history size 100

    3. Router1(config)#terminal history 100

    4. Router1(config-line)#history size 100

  45. You have configured a description on your serial interfaces. Which of the following commands will display the description? (Choose two.)

    1. Show running-config

    2. Show flash

    3. Show interfaces

    4. Show ip protocols

  46. You are typing commands into your Cisco IOS on your 3640 router. However, your typing is consistently interrupted by console messages, forcing you to retype. Which of the following commands will force the IOS to retype your original input after it displays the console message?

    1. Exec-timeout

    2. Logging synchronous

    3. Line console

    4. Exec message readout

  47. You are configuring a router and issue the command interface ethernet 1/0/0. What do the numbers represent?

    1. Slot/port/interface

    2. Slot/interface/port

    3. Port/slot/port number

    4. Slot/port adapter/port number

  48. Which of the following commands correctly sets the physical speed of a serial interface to 64Kbps?

    1. Router1(config-if)#bandwidth 64

    2. Router1(config-if)#bandwidth 64000

    3. Router1(config-if)#clockrate 64

    4. Router1(config-if)#clockrate 64000

  49. In what mode do you use the encapsulation command?

    1. Interface Configuration mode

    2. Sub-Interface Configuration mode

    3. User mode

    4. Privileged mode

    Figure 3.8Figure 3.8

  50. You are configuring your router and your boss happens to look over your shoulder as you type a show running-config command. She asks what the highlighted numbers and characters mean. What do you tell her?

    1. It is the actual password.

    2. It is the result of a service password-encryption command.

    3. The console output made a mistake.

    4. It is the result of an enable secret command.

Quick Check Answer Key

  1. A, B

  2. A, B

  3. D

  4. C

  5. A

  6. B

  7. B

  8. C

  9. D

  10. C

  11. B

  12. A, C, D

  13. C

  14. D

  15. A

  16. B

  17. C

  18. C

  19. B

  20. A

  21. D

  22. D

  23. A, B, D

  24. A, D, E

  25. B

  26. D

  27. A

  28. D

  29. A, D

  30. B

  31. C

  32. A, B, E

  33. D

  34. A, B, C

  35. B

  36. A

  37. D

  38. C

  39. B

  40. A

  41. C

  42. A

  43. C

  44. D

  45. A, C

  46. B

  47. D

  48. D

  49. A

  50. B

Answers and Explanations

  1. Answers: A and B. You can issue show or debug commands in either User or Privileged mode. C is incorrect, as you cannot use show commands while in Line Configuration mode. D is incorrect, as you cannot use show commands while in Global Configuration mode.

  2. Answers: A and B. You can store Cisco device configurations on FTP and TFTP servers. TFTP is preferred because of its lower overhead. C is incorrect, as SQL databases do not store Cisco device configurations. D is incorrect, as Oracle databases are not used to store Cisco device configurations.

  3. Answer: D. The show interface command gives you all the physical and logical configuration information about a particular interface. A is incorrect, as ping is a TCP/IP utility that allows you to "ping" a connection to see whether there is connectivity. B is incorrect, as this is the command you would use on a Microsoft Windows PC to find your IP address. C is incorrect, as the traceroute command allows you to track the packet's path to its destination.

  4. Answer: C. You type enable to enter Privileged EXEC mode. A is incorrect, as it is not a valid command. B is incorrect, as it is not a valid command. D is incorrect, as this command would take you out of Privileged EXEC mode.

  5. Answer: A. The Catalyst switches have default configurations set up so that they can perform their basic switching roles without any further configurations. B is incorrect, as setting up an IP address would assist you in remote management via telnet, but isn't required. C is incorrect, as you do not need a router unless you need to get traffic outside your network segment. D is incorrect, as the Cisco IOS is not required for switches to function. In fact, some Catalyst switches do not have the IOS running.

  6. Answer: B. The prompt Router# indicates the router is in Privileged EXEC mode. A is incorrect, as this prompt indicates that you are in User EXEC mode. C is incorrect, as this is not a valid prompt. D is incorrect, as this is not a valid prompt.

  7. Answer: B. The > tells you that you are in User EXEC mode. A is incorrect, as you are not in Privileged mode. C is incorrect, as you can have the User mode prompt without configuring anything on a CAT 1900 switch. D is incorrect, as the > prompt does not indicate any hardware failures.

  8. Answer: C. The hostname command will assign a name to your device. A is incorrect, as enable gets you into privileged mode on the switch. B is incorrect, as the hostname command is one word, not two. D is incorrect, as this is not a valid command.

  9. Answer: D. First you must enter Privileged mode. Next you would enter Global Configuration mode. Finally, you would specify the IP address and subnet mask. A is incorrect, as you are not in the correct mode, nor are you issuing the correct command sequence. B is incorrect, as you are not in the correct mode to issue the command. The command itself is accurate. C is incorrect, as you would not have specified a subnet mask parameter.

  10. Answer: C. The command clock ? will give you all the parameters (syntax) that follows after the Clock main command. A is incorrect, as cl? will simply tell you what commands start with cl. B is incorrect, as the IOS will attempt to clarify all commands that start with clock, which is the actual command here. D is incorrect, as you will get an invalid command error message.

  11. Answer: B. The command banner motd [delimiting character] is what sets up a displayed message when you login to a router. A is incorrect, as the command is banner motd. C is incorrect, as you must issue the command in Global Configuration mode, not Privileged mode. D is incorrect, as that is an invalid command.

  12. Answer: A, C, and D. You can telnet into a Cisco router if you know the IP address of one of the interfaces or the name of the router with DNS running. You can connect with a rollover cable to the Console port. You can also dial in via modem through an AUX port. B is incorrect, as FTP would merely allow you to download a configuration.

  13. Answer: C. The console password requires anyone who attempts to plug a rollover serial cable into the console port to provide a password to log on. A is incorrect, as a vty is a virtual port or telnet port. B is incorrect, as there are no interface passwords. D is incorrect, as the Enable password prevents unauthorized users from entering privileged mode.

  14. Answer: D. You probably have the baud rate set too low. The baud rate on a console port needs to be 9600bps. A is incorrect, as you must use an RJ-45 rollover cable. You cannot change the connectors. B is incorrect, as you will more than likely encounter the same issue with any other terminal program. C is incorrect, as you rarely, if ever, want to restart the router and reset it back to the beginning.

  15. Answer: A. The show running-config command will show you all currently running configurations in RAM. B is incorrect, as you would see similar output; however, this shows the Current configuration. C is incorrect, as that command shows you the routing table on your router. D is incorrect, as the show version command gives you the up-to-date information on which IOS you are running, as well as the configuration register settings.

  16. Answer: B. You would give the East router the username of the router to which you want to authenticate. In this case, it would be West. A is incorrect, as East would be the hostname of the router, not the username. C and D are incorrect, as neither of these routers are mentioned as possible connections. If there were routers named North and South, the East router would need usernames for both of them.

  17. Answer: C. HDLC (High Level Data Link Control) is the default serial encapsulation on Cisco routers. A is incorrect, as you must configure your Cisco router for PPP. B is incorrect, as you must specify SLIP as an encapsulation. D is incorrect, as ATM is ordered through a service provider and is not the default encapsulation.

  18. Answer: C. CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) requires a three-way handshake. It requires a challenge, reply, and Accept/Reject response. A is incorrect, as there are no one-way authentications. B is incorrect, as CHAP has three-way, and PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) uses a two-way handshake. D is incorrect, as all authentication protocols need mutual agreement.

  19. Answer: B. The order of steps is

    1. Link Establishment

    2. Authentication (optional)

    3. Network layer protocol establishment

    A is incorrect, as authentication occurs after link establishment. C is incorrect, as authentication must occur before Layer 3 (network) establishment. D is incorrect, as authentication, although optional, occurs before the link is fully established and the interface is up.

  20. Answer: A. This output is generated by the show version command. It gives you the current version of the IOS that is running, as well as other information about the router. B is incorrect, as this does not show the currently running configuration. C is incorrect, as this does not show the configuration that is saved in NVRAM. D is incorrect, as there is no such command.

  21. Answer: D. The show ip interface brief command gives you a summary of all interfaces on the router. This is a good command to use to identify any issues with your interfaces' connectivity. A is incorrect, as this would give you detailed information on interface Ethernet 0/0. B is incorrect, as this is not a valid command. C is incorrect, as this command would give you detailed information about serial interface 0/1.

  22. Answer: D. You'll notice that one router is running HDLC while the other is running PPP. They will not be able to communicate. A is incorrect, as both have addresses that are on the appropriate network. B is incorrect, as routers that are directly connected do not need a routing protocol to communicate. C is incorrect, as you notice that on both routers, the lines are "up," which means that there is electrical connectivity (Layer 1).

  23. Answers: A, B, and D. You can copy your running-config to NVRAM (startup-config), the flash memory (if there is room), and to a RCP server (Remote Copy Protocol). C is incorrect, as correct syntax for a copy command is source to destination. Because you are copying from your running-config, that is the source, not the destination.

  24. Answers: A, D, and E. Frame relay, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), and HDLC are all WAN encapsulation protocols. B is incorrect, as Ethernet is a LAN encapsulation. C is incorrect, as token ring is a LAN encapsulation, as well.

  25. Answer: B. The command service password-encryption will hash all of the system passwords that are set. A is incorrect, as you cannot issue this command at the Privileged mode prompt. It must be done in Global Configuration mode. C is incorrect, as this command will not work in Privileged mode, and will not encrypt all of the passwords. D is incorrect, as this command will only give you an encrypted Privileged mode password, not all of the system passwords.

  26. Answer: D. You must first go to the vty line that you want to put the password on, and then use the password command. You finish by specifying that users must login with the password with the login command. A is incorrect, as it is the correct method to configure a password on the console interface, not Telnet. B is incorrect, as the second command typed is invalid. C is incorrect, as the command for the password is incorrect. You would not use the enable secret command here.

  27. Answer: A. The clockrate command sets the clocking, or physical speed of the interface. It establishes the DCE side of a serial connection. It acts as sort of a metronome that specifies the timing of sending data. B is incorrect, as keepalives are sent on Ethernet interfaces. C is incorrect, as the advertised bandwidth of an interface is set with the bandwidth command. D is incorrect, as you would use the Clock command to set the time on your router, or you can have it set to receive its time from an NNTP server.

  28. Answer: D. There are five vty (Telnet) lines established by default on a Cisco router. They start at vty 0. A is incorrect, as this is an invalid command. B is incorrect, as this would allow you to configure your Ethernet interface, not Telnet lines. C is incorrect, as the numbering of the vty lines starts at 0, not 1.

  29. Answers: A and D. You can issue show commands from User mode (>) or Privileged mode (#). B is incorrect, as you cannot issue show commands from global configuration mode. C is incorrect, as you cannot issue show commands from Route Protocol mode. E is incorrect, as ROMON mode, or RomMonitor, is a low-level maintenance utility that helps bring back a corrupted router's IOS image.

  30. Answer: B. Older versions of the IOS do not support encrypted Privileged mode passwords. By placing an Enable password, you would still have a way to keep people out of Privileged mode if reverting to an older IOS. A is incorrect, as applications do not use Privileged mode passwords to access a Cisco router. C is incorrect, as the router ignores the Enable password after the Enable Secret password is configured. D is incorrect, as you would only type the Enable Secret password to access Privileged mode.

  31. Answer: C. The keyboard shortcut of Ctrl+Z will bring you back to Privileged mode. A is incorrect, as this is the method to suspend a Telnet session. B is incorrect, as this is one of the ways to stop a process from running. D is incorrect, as this will merely move you back one mode. In this case, you would merely go back to Global Configuration mode.

  32. Answers: A, B, and E. The NCPs can be calculated, such as IPXCP, IPCP, and other Layer 3 protocols. CHAP authentication and Multilink Protocol are options that can also be negotiated during the LCP portion. C is incorrect, as UDP is a Layer 4 protocol, and PPP does not work at Layer 4. D is incorrect, as Q.931 is a signaling standard used by ISDN.

  33. Answer: D. Reloading the router will force the router to reboot and load the configuration in the router's NVRAM. A is incorrect, as this will place you into the router configuration setup script. B is incorrect, as this will copy your currently running configuration into NVRAM. C is incorrect, as this will merely "merge" the saved configuration with the currently running configuration. If there are changes made to the running configuration that were not addressed in your saved configuration, they will remain and not be overwritten.

  34. Answers: A, B, and C. Cisco's IOS provides connectivity, reliability, and security for your Cisco devices. This includes support for network protocols such as IP, IPX, AppleTalk, and more. D is incorrect, as you must purchase a Web management program such as CiscoWorks.

  35. Answer: B. The correct baud rate is 9600, thus B is the correct answer. A, C, and D are incorrect baud rate settings and will cause your screen to incorrectly display information from your console port.

  36. Answer: A. You must have an IP address configured on an interface for a router or on a Management VLAN for a Catalyst switch. B is incorrect, as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is not required for Telnet. C is incorrect, as Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is not required for Telnet to work. D is incorrect, as Cisco Devices have five vty ports configured by default.

  37. Answer: D. The disable command will take you from Privileged EXEC mode back to User mode. A is incorrect, as this is the command that will take you from User mode to Privileged mode. B is incorrect, as this will log you out of your connection. C is incorrect, as this command places you in Global Configuration mode.

  38. Answer: C. You will issue the ip address command in Global Configuration mode for a Catalyst 1900 series. A is incorrect, as it is an incomplete command, and it is at the wrong prompt. B is incorrect, as the command is issued at Global Configuration mode, not Privileged mode. D is incorrect, as this would be the method to configure the IP address for a Catalyst 2950.

  39. Answer: B. The show flash command gives you the contents of the flash memory, as well as the amount of remaining memory. A is incorrect, as this command would show all the configurations stored in NVRAM. C is incorrect, as this is not a valid command. D is incorrect, as show version will give you the currently running IOS image and information about the router, such as uptime and configuration register settings.

  40. Answer: A. The show ip command will give you the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway of the Catalyst switch. B is the incorrect answer, as this would give you the information on other switches. C is incorrect, as this command is not valid on a switch. D is incorrect, as this command shows you the currently running software and other parameters, but not the IP address on the 1900 switch.

  41. Answer: C. You will be taken to the System Configuration dialog if there are no configurations saved in NVRAM. A is incorrect, as you would be taken to ROMON mode if the IOS is corrupted. B is incorrect, as missing parameters will not start the System Configuration dialog. D is incorrect, as the question stated that you saw the output after powering up the router. You can get this text if you issue that command, but that would have happened after you had logged in.

  42. Answer: A. show con does not have enough characters for the IOS to finish the command. B is incorrect, as you would see the incomplete command output. C is incorrect, as this would produce the unknown command output. D is incorrect, as context-sensitive help requires the use of the ?.

  43. Answer: C. The dollar sign ($) indicates that there is text to the left of the symbol. A is incorrect, as the (^) symbol typically indicates where a command has erred. B is incorrect, as commands longer than one line are allowed. D is incorrect, as the router will not shorten any commands unless you have typed in a shortened version, such as config t for configure terminal.

  44. Answer: D. The history size command will permanently alter the command history buffer. A is incorrect, as this command will only adjust the buffer for the current session. B is incorrect, as you cannot issue the history size command from Privileged mode. C is incorrect, as you would not issue the terminal history command from Global Configuration mode, and it is the wrong command as well.

  45. Answers: A and C. You can view the descriptions placed on the interfaces with the show interfaces command or show running-config. B is incorrect, as the show flash command shows the IOS images and any configurations saved to flash memory. D is incorrect, as this command gives you all the running routing protocols, such as RIP or IGRP.

  46. Answer: B. The logging synchronous command will enable the IOS to retype your input after displaying a console message. This will not interrupt your command. A is incorrect, as exec-timeout sets how long a session can remain idle without logging off the user. C is incorrect, as this command merely brings you to Line Configuration mode. D is incorrect, as this is an invalid command.

  47. 47 -Answer: D. This is the command issued on a 7000 or 7500 Cisco router with a VIP card. It has a slot, port adapter, and port number. A, B, and C are incorrect definitions.

  48. Answer: D. You issue the clockrate command in Interface Configuration mode, and it must be set in bits per second. A and B are incorrect, as the bandwidth command is only good for the advertised bandwidth. C is incorrect, as you must specify the speed in bits per second, not Kbps.

  49. Answer: A. You would use the encapsulation command in Interface Configuration mode—for example: router1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay. B is incorrect, as you would issue the command in Interface Configuration mode. C is incorrect, as you can only issue limited show commands in User mode. D is incorrect, as you can enter configuration modes and perform router maintenance.

  50. Answer: B. All your passwords will be shown in encrypted form after issuing the service password-encryption command. A is incorrect, as the encrypted passwords are shown in a hashed format. C is incorrect, as the rest of the output looks correct. D is incorrect, as the enable secret command gives you an encrypted Privilege mode password, not all the passwords.